Chapter 16 - Lecture 1 – Functional Group & Alcohols

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

Figure	Source of Figure
Figure 17a	http://www.studyblue.com
Figure 17b	http://www.ck12.org
Figure Table 6a	http://www.decodedscience.com
Figure Table 6b	http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Figure Table 6c	http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Figure Table 6d	http://www.wikiwand.com/

Functional Groups:

Functional groups are some specific groups of atoms that show a certain characteristic behavior, in their reactions.

In this course, will teach 2 such functional groups:

• Hydroxyl group: -OH

Figure 17a:

• Carboxyl group: -COOH

Figure 17b:

Alcohols:

Alcohols form a homologous series of organic compounds with the hydroxyl functional group or –OH. Each successive member of the series differ by CH₂, and the general formula of the series is C_nH_2n+1OH.

Table 6 shows their physical structures.

Table 6:

Alcohol	Formula	Physical Structure
Methanol	CH3OH
Ethanol	C2H5OH
Propanol	C3H7OH
Butanol	C4H9OH

Chemical properties of Alcohols:

Alcohols undergo 2 types of reactions:

1. Combustion
2. Oxidation

Combustion:

Alcohols are highly flammable and react with oxygen in the presence of heat to form carbon dioxide and water. 

 Oxidation:

Alcohols react with oxygen to oxidize to carboxylic acids.

                                                                                       ©Tanzeela Zafar Siddiqui